Wednesday, April 5, 2023

Test

ayat2 Open sidebar AI in Production Systems. Model: Default (GPT-3.5) Ahmad Humaizi Wikarek, J., Sitek, P., & Juzoń, Z. (2022). A proactive and reactive approach to the allocation and configuration of multidimensional resources in production systems. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 55(2), 445-450. An example of a question that will be considered in future research is: Is it possible to implement a new project with a given schedule with the current additional resources and machine centers? The proposed model implementation using AMPL enables its solution with the use of many mathematical/constraint programming solvers It is also planned to use artificial intelligence and hybrid methods (Sitek and Wikarek 2014; Sitek and Wikarek 2018) to solve larger problems Wittenberg, C. (2022). Challenges for the human-machine interaction in times of digitization, CPS & IIoT, and artificial intelligence in production systems. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 55(29), 114-119. 0 and the Industrial Internet of Things, and now also the use of machine learning and artificial intelligence are leading to immense changes in the working environment for plant operators and maintenance technicians This article highlights the development over the last decades, the current requirements and relevant research topics Mühlbeier, E., Oexle, F., Gerlitz, E., Matkovic, N., Gönnheimer, P., & Fleischer, J. (2022). Conceptual control architecture for future highly flexible production systems. Procedia CIRP, 106, 39-44. 2 Where is artificial intelligence usefully applied in automation technology? If you take the idea of Industry 4 0 a step further and look in particular at flexible production towards batch size 1, then optimal production planning and monitoring of production for very small quantities is certainly a possible field of application for artificial intelligence and machine learning Based on learning data as well as with the inclusion of data from previously executed production, artificial intelligence can certainly plan and implement a production strategy that is as optimal as possible for the product in the case of new production orders In the simplest case, the production order would then simply be accepted, and the actual production would be planned and started fully automatically by the artificial intelligence, including the raw material supplies 4 Machine Learning In addition to supervised and unsupervised machine learning, reinforcement learning (Lorenz, 2020; Nandy & Biswas, 2018) is currently being increasingly researched in the industrial sector and applications are being developed and evaluated Necessary for reinforcement learning are the components perception (of the current state), action planning and action execution (to change the state) and as third the goal, which is to be reached by means of reinforcement learning (Figure 7) RESEARCH ACTIVITIES AT HEILBRONN UNIVERSITY REGARDING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION Both the topic of artificial intelligence and the topic of humancomputer interfaces are being researched in a variety of ways at Heilbronn University In the field of AI and reinforcement learning, the programming of robotic arms is considered as well as topics of predictive maintenance In the area of Human-Computer Interaction, topics of the use of Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality in the industrial context - e Müller, T., Jazdi, N., Schmidt, J. P., & Weyrich, M. (2021). Cyber-physical production systems: enhancement with a self-organized reconfiguration management. Procedia CIRP, 99, 549-554. Energy-flexible Controller The energy-flexible controller implements the DR measures which can be performed by the CPPS DR measures can be initiated as a reaction to changing electricity prices, to direct control signals from the electric utility company or to other incentives The controller can use a simple rule-based algorithm or more complex designs such as control with heuristic methods or artificial intelligence algorithms to optimize the system The operation of the controller and its interactions with other parts of the CPPS are illustrated in the program flow chart in 224 4 Müller, T., Jazdi, N., Schmidt, J. P., & Weyrich, M. (2021). Cyber-physical production systems: enhancement with a self-organized reconfiguration management. Procedia CIRP, 99, 549-554. In order to be able to provide potentials such as a selforganized reconfiguration management, however, prerequisites such as the existence of semantic descriptions of the CPPS and its components must be met Furthermore, there is a need for concepts that adopt existing algorithms from domains such as artificial intelligence or mathematical optimization, if necessary in adapted form [18] Examples of such adoptions are [19] for image recognition and [20] for predictive quality control, both utilized in industrial automation systems In CPPS, data, services and functions are held, retrieved and executed where it brings the greatest benefit in terms of flexible and efficient design, engineering, development and production Baroroh, D. K., & Chu, C. H. (2022). Human-centric production system simulation in mixed reality: An exemplary case of logistic facility design. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 65, 146-157. In contrast, Mixed Reality (MR) creates a new form of simulation by merging the real and virtual worlds, in which physical and digital elements coexist and interact with each other Through a hand-held device (HHD) or head-mount device (HMD), it augments the real world by making implicit information apparent to the user when required MR is considered an effective user interface for human-artificial intelligence (AI) collaboration and has a potential of realizing human in the loop for smart manufacturing [1517] Not only virtual contents, people wearing an HMD can also be seamlessly integrated into an MR scene This generates a possibility of instantly evaluating human performance in a factory presented in MR and observing their interactions with other machines or work parts Fuhrländer-Völker, D., Borst, F., Theisinger, L., Ranzau, H., & Weigold, M. (2022). Modular data model for energy-flexible cyber-physical production systems. Procedia CIRP, 107, 215-220. 036 216 aqueous cleaning machine Also the energy-flexible control of industrial energy supply systems and the application of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for DR measures is described in [20, 9] The presented research focus on the DR algorithm and show the benefit of DR measures in industry However, the execution of DR measures on machine level is not described in detail The presented research focus on the DR algorithm and show the benefit of DR measures in industry For this execution the three domains automation, communication and simulation must be considered collectively: Nomenclature a array AI artificial intelligence b boolean DR demand response f float HMI human-machine interface n integer OPC UA Open Platform Communications Unified Ar- chitecture s string ST structure T temperature RAMI 4 Ehrhardt, J. M., & Hoffmann, C. T. (2020). The digital shadow: developing a universal model for the automated optimization of cyber-physical production systems based on real-time data. Procedia CIRP, 93, 304-310. In general approaches in literature follow specific optimization-objectives, rather than suggesting holistic approaches Main optimization-objectives are energy consumption, against the background of volatile energy prices [21], cost-based examination of reimplementations of production systems [15, 18], product quality aspects, mainly in combination with other optimization objectives [17, 5], as well as the material-flow concerning processing, transporting and storing of products within the production system [6, 8] and production scheduling, as a classic problem of operation management and core-aspect of the manufacturing industry [26, 24, 27, 20] We divide the optimization-methods into analytical approaches, algorithmic approaches and artificial intelligence methods Due to their high performance, analytical approaches are often applied in combination with algorithmic approaches, but mainly left out due to their high specificity [24] To tackle the aspect of automation, we identified three approaches in the literature review: analytic approaches, algorithmic approaches and artificial intelligence applications Despite their high performance, we drop analytical methods, due to their high specificity, colliding with the aspect of universality Artificial intelligence methods, such as artificial neural networks or self-learning algorithms, are often used on problems hard to be tackled with conventional methods To tackle the aspect of automation, we identified three approaches in the literature review: analytic approaches, algorithmic approaches and artificial intelligence applications The problemsolving often cannot be retraced in a detailed manner, since the underlying models are often inherently black-box models Furthermore, these methods are heavily reliant on precedent training and the optimal tuning of their hyperparameters, which can only be automated to a limited extent by now The problemsolving often cannot be retraced in a detailed manner, since the underlying models are often inherently black-box models Prompt These are the articles related to artificial intelligence in production system. The references in APA format are above each articles, while the articles are below it. New articles are separated by new references. Commonly references have the number (20xx) and the journal names. From the contents on the articles above, and also additional resources from your data in your system Create a tabular form which includes the following 1st column , named = references in APA format , which contents are references in APA format 2nd column , named = description , which contents are reviews on what the authors write. 3rd column, named = year which is the year of that references References in APA format Description Year Wikarek, J., Sitek, P., & Juzoń, Z. (2022) Proposes a proactive and reactive approach to allocate and configure multidimensional resources in production systems. 2022 Wittenberg, C. (2022) Discusses challenges in human-machine interaction in the context of digitization, CPS, IIoT, and AI in production. 2022 Mühlbeier, E., Oexle, F., Gerlitz, E., Matkovic, N., Gönnheimer, P., & Fleischer, J. (2022) Explores the application of AI and machine learning in flexible production systems, with emphasis on optimal production planning and monitoring of production. 2022 Müller, T., Jazdi, N., Schmidt, J. P., & Weyrich, M. (2021) Describes a self-organized reconfiguration management for cyber-physical production systems, with a focus on energy-flexible controllers using AI algorithms. 2021 Baroroh, D. K., & Chu, C. H. (2022) Investigates the use of mixed reality as an interface for human-AI collaboration in manufacturing systems. 2022 Fuhrländer-Völker, D., Borst, F., Theisinger, L., Ranzau, H., & Weigold, M. (2022) Proposes a modular data model for energy-flexible cyber-physical production systems, with emphasis on the execution of DR measures using AI algorithms. 2022 Ehrhardt, J. M., & Hoffmann, C. T. (2020) Proposes a universal model for the automated optimization of cyber-physical production systems using AI algorithms. 2020 Send a message... ChatGPT Mar 23 Version. ChatGPT may produce inaccurate information about people, places, or facts New chat

Sunday, July 5, 2009

University Baranas di India guna Ilmu Astrologi nk predict heart attack, kita?






Dalam berita Harian 6 Julai 2009, ada artikel kata Universiti Baranas di India nak kaji ilmu astrologi (kaji bintang) untuk ramal bila seseorang tu akan kena heart attack. Suruhanjaya Geran Universiti India beri geran RM45,000 kat penyelidik nak kaji ilmu ni.

Maknanya bila berjaya, akan ada satu lagi ilmu semacam feng shui. Mana tahu akan dimasuk dalam software, kita key in tarikh lahir, tempat lahir dan butiran2 macam2 lagi. Software ilmu astrologi ni boleh predict time bila kita kena heart attack. Jadi kita mesti boleh buat prevention action.

Satu usaha yang sangat mulia.

Berbalik kepada pendapat saya, cuba kita lihat perkara di sebalik ini. Suruhanjaya Geran India, kita kata seperti MOSTI la. Depa sanggup beri geran RM 45 000.00. Iaitu jumlah sangat banyak. mungkin menyamai jutaan ringgit Malaysia nak kaji benda yang di Malaysia kata mengarut.

Ya la ilmu bomoh, tukang tilik ramai orang kata mengarut. Di Malaysia kita pernah dengar Santau, bela Hantu Raya, toyol dan macam2 lagi. Cuba fikir kalaula MOSTI bagi geran jutaan RM nk kuasai ilmu bomoh. Saya berikan contoh ni.

Ilmu Toyol.
Ok, kita tahu perkara toyol ni libat cerita hilang barang. Simpan la dimana pun, mesti hilang. Gara2 toyol. Dari segi saintifik, toyol guna ilmu halimunan. Seperti dalam Fantastic Four yang perempuan invincible tu.

Ilmu Pelesit.

Ia ilmu teleportation. Seperti Nightcrawler dalam X-men. Juga alat teleport dalam Star Trek.

Ilmu Hantu Raya.
Kekuatan tak terhingga seperti Incredible Hulk.

Ilmu Santau.
Senjata jarak jauh. Senjata yang sangat berbahaya. Lebih bahaya dari Nuklear Korea Utara. Namun saya tertanya2 semasa Palestin kena serang dan Iraq kena serang dulu. Tak adakah bomoh2 Melayu nak guna Ilmu Santau kat Bush? Mana tahu jin tak boleh lintas sungai dan laut. Jadi boleh tak mana2 orang sponsor Bomoh ni hantar ke White House dan santau Bush dari dekat pagar White House tu. Mana orang perasan? Tau2 keluar pasir dan kaca dari muka Bush. Baru melompat orang2 White House.

Point saya di sini, ilmu petua Melayu ni cukup luas. Ini termasuk herba2 dan petua orang dulu2. Kalau MOSTI boleh beri geran macam2 ni kat penyelidik, kita dapat ilmu sehebat X-men. Boleh teleport seperti pelesit, boleh jadi kebal seperti incredible hulk. Boleh predict future seperti Professor X dan lain2.

Thursday, July 2, 2009

Transformer, Space Cop Gaban, Maskman, ThunderCat dan Sang Kancil dengan Buaya






Saya percaya pembaca2 blog ni adalah dikalangan kanak2 di zaman 80-an. Ingat tak lagi cerita2 zaman kanak2 kita dulu?

Hari Isnin, Selasa Rabu RTM tayang cerita2 kartun ni setiap petang. Sampai ada yang ponteng sekolah agama nak tengok kartun ni. Punya syok zaman tu.

Dulu zaman budak2 dulu ada kartun Transformers, ThunderCAT, Space Cop Gaban, Maskman, Kesatria Baja Hitam dan lain2.

Di masa yang sama, kita ingat tak kartun pendek, Sang Kancil dengan Buaya? Juga kartun Sang Gagak dengan Botol?

Cerita yg sy nk sampaikan di sini adalah bagaimana kartun terapkan minda teknologi pada budak2. Sy percaya kartun import dari USA dan Jepun seperti transformers, thundercat, Gaban, Kesatria Baja Hitam.... semuanya ditayang lama dah di negara asal sblm dimport masuk Malaysia.

Di kala zaman budak2 tahun 80-an disajikan dengan Sang Kancil dengan Buaya, budak2 di USA dan Jepun dah tersaji dengan cerita robot boleh tukar, alien dari angkasa lepas, teknologi roket, laser.... semuanya teknologi di tahun 2000...

Kita patut berterima kasih kat Kerajaan Malaysia kerana import cerita2 kartun dari USA dan Jepun. Budak2 tahun 80-an sekarang berumur hampir 30-an dan awal 30-an, semuanya terdedah ngan teknologi tinggi ni.

Kita nak lawan ngn USA dan Jepun dari segi teknologi masih jauh, tapi usaha ke arah tu mesti giat dilaksanakan.

Monday, June 29, 2009

Jika Alat Pengetuk Berteknologi Tinggi Lama dah Wujud sebelum Hammer, apa akan jadi jika ada orang cipta Hammer?

Persoalan di blog kali ini adalah bagaimana susahnya orang kita nak terima idea baru.

Hammer adalah penukul. Orang dah lama cipta hammer sejak dari zaman batu lagi. Teknologi hammer adalah paling simple. Ambil ja batu, lekat pada kayu dan ketuk. Itu ialah hammer.

Katakan sebelum wujud hammer, orang zaman batu dah lama dah wujud alat penukul berteknologi tinggi, Boleh align position hammer dengan paku. Lepas tu ada actuator nak ketuk. Remote control lagi. Segala saintis dan jurutera zaman dulu dah habis jutaan ringgit buat R & D pasai hammer actuator ni. Koloni manusia di bumi ni dah terima konsep hammer actuator ni dari zaman nenek moyang mereka lagi dah.


Tiba2 di akhir zaman ni, tahun 2009 datang seorang jurutera muda yang otak geliga. Dia perkenal hammer jenis simple. Yang ada besi di atas sebatang kayu. Jurutera muda ni siap tunjuk demo lagi betapa senangnya guna hammer simple ni.


Agak-agak semua pembaca blog ni la, adakah koloni manusia senang2 nak terima idea hammer simple ni? Sebabya dari zaman sebelum masihi lagi dah ada hammer actuator yang guna remote control, yang boleh align paku dengan tepat. Hammer simple ni pula guna kudrat nk hentam paku.


Jawapanya tidak semudah itu. Golongan saintis akan tulis paper masuk high impact journal macamana nak buat welding pada besi dan pemegangnya. Juga nanti ada orang kaji bagaimana hentakan hammer boleh rosakkan sel2 tangan. Ada juga yang gatai2 pergi paten hammer ni.


Pendek kata tak semudah itu satu produk baru nak masuk dalam pasaran. Juga tak semudah tu penerimaan masyarakat kat produk tu.


Ini baru analogi mudah. Kita fikir tengok, macamana barang2 sekeliling kita boleh kita improve jadi barang yang lebih berguna. Tapi dah jadi budaya orang kita, barang2 baru ni kena kutuk dulu. Kritik macam2. Kalau pengeluar hilang sabar, berkuburlah produk tu.


Jadi bila kita jumpa apa2 produk baru, think positif, mungkin ada gunanya pada kita suatu hari nanti.

Saturday, June 13, 2009

AutoCAD dan CATIA, mana lagi bagus?







Ramai orang tanya saya mana software lagi bagus, AutoCAD atau CATIA? AutoCAD adalah software yang cukup powerful untuk lukisan 2 dimensi (2D). CATIA pula software yang maqam dia paling tinggi di dalam 3D dan analisis.

Untuk jawab soalan ni, saya kena ceritakan pengalaman saya gunakan software2 CAD. Saya pernah guna dan mengajar subjek Lukisan Kejuruteraan iaitu lukisan gunakan tangan. Bila saya belajar AutoCAD, rasa macam tak mahu guna dah pen dan kertas nak melukis.

Bila saya guna AutoCAD Version R14, saya dapati ia banyak gunakan command keyboard. Seperti L untuk single line. Saya dapati untuk 3D tidak sesuai sangat. Sungguhpun begitu, kalau dah mahir tiada masalah.

Bila saya belajar CATIA, rasa macam tak mahu guna AutoCAD. Sebab senang sangat. Guna icon. Boleh buat 3D. untuk pengetahuan semua, CATIA sangat sesuai untuk 3D.

TETAPI

Bila saya guna software IRONCAD, tak mahu guna CATIA dah. Punya senang. Template dah ada, just tarik2 ja objek kita lukis tu.

Ada lagi satu software lagi senang dari IRONCAD, iaitu ALIAS software. Ini Proton guna. Kita lukis atas papan dan lukisan kita tu boleh edit2 guna software tu.

Pendek kata dari hari ke hari teknologi CAD semakan improve. AutoCAD pun sekarang nak masuk ke arah 3D.

Kalau tanya saya apa yang bagus, saya nanti tanya balik, nak guna untuk apa? Bajet banyak mana? Untuk permulaan, saya suggest AUtoCAD. Harga pasaran original sekitar RM 5000.00. Pirate CD berlambak. Disebabkan AUtoCAD ni dah lama establish, maka majority syarikat/kilang2 yang lama2 guna AutoCAD. Depa tak mau tukar. Buat apa nk tukar asalkan boleh pakai sudah.

CATIA ni terlampau mahal. Spec industri ialah RM 200, 000.00 satu lesen. Boleh beli sebijik rumah. Proton guna CATIA. Syarikat2 yg fokus RnD guna CATIA. Masalahnya jika kita nak training CATIA kat rumah, pirate ada tetapi selalunya install tak leh run. Pulak tu dia kena pakai RAM bergigabyte. Setakat 512 MB, jalan serupa siput babi. Punya lambat. Kalau kita install kat Laptop, tak boleh install yang lain. Guna utk CATIA saja.

Yang paling penting, kita faham apa yang kita buat. Nak mahir CAD, sy suggest mula dengan AutoCAD. Sebab ia basic dan mudah dicari merata2. Saya dapati software2 yang makin advance ni lebih kurang AutoCAD jugak.

Kesimpulannya, jika mahir AutoCAD, insya'Allah software lain mudah faham.

Thursday, June 11, 2009

Air boleh potong Besi

Ramai orang di luar bidang kejuruteraan pembuatan terkejut apabila saya kata air boleh potong besi. Hakikat air boleh potong batu dalam masa berjuta tahun sudah diketahui ramai. Bila air menitik atas batu dalam masa jutaan tahun, batu mereput seterusnya membentuk lubang.

Air yang kita minum memang boleh potong besi. Teknologi ini dicipta oleh seorang Muslim dari Mesir. Masih hidup lagi. Professor Dr Mohamed Hashish. Sekarang mengajar di Universiti Washington USA.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_Hashish

Kita patut bangga orang Islam dapat cipta satu inovasi yang tersangat hebat.

Mesin Waterjet cutting ini guna prinsip P=F/A di mana air akan dipaksa lalu ikut lubang sekecil mata pin. Jadi bila diberi daya terlampau tinggi, air lalu pulak ikut lubang terlampau kecil maka tekanan, P terhasil sangat kuat.

Pressure terhasil boleh mencapat 200 000 psi. Pada tekanan itu, batu boleh putus dua. Tangan dan jari apa lagi.

Of course, kalau air sahaja tidak mungkin kuat sehingga boleh potong besi. Kena tambah addivitve seperti pasir halus ke dalam tangki air. Campuran air dan pasir halus ini bila dipaksa masuk ikut lubang sekecil pin, mampu potong besi.

Kalau guna air semata2, ia boleh potong kayu.

Waterjet cutting lebih baik dari mesin potongan laser. (Laser Cutter). Tiada berlaku 'heat distortion" dalam waterjet. Kerana ia guna air. Sifat2 air ialah sejuk. Jadi material yang kita potong akan sejuk dengan sendiri. Maka tiada berlaku perubahan sifat material.

Mesin2 lain di pasaran semuanya ada libat haba. Hanya waterjet tidak libat haba.

Wednesday, June 10, 2009

Krisis Air Global kerana El Nino




Berita hari ni kata dunia akan hadapi krisis air kerana fenomena El Nino. Fenomena El Nino bermakna panas sepanjang hari. Malaysia turut kena tempias. Suhu di Chuping, Perlis catatkan suhu 40 darjah iaitu tertinggi di Malaysia setakat ini.

Manusia tidak terasa sangat akan kesan ini. Kerana manusia ada sistem penyejukan sendiri seperti berpeluh. Jika panas sangat, manusia akan pergi ke tempat teduh. Tetapi pokok2 nak lari camana?

Pokok2 ni akan kurangkan kehilangan air dengan cara kuncupkan daun. Jadi daun jadi layu. Lama2 dengan suhu 40 darjah berterusan tanpa hujan, pokok akan mati.

Di sini kita pernah dengar teknologi water filtration. Di mana Singapura dapat convert air jamban jadi air minum. Juga Singapura dapat tukar air laut ke air minum. Singapura adalah negara pulau. Secara sedar atau tak, Malaysia juga adalah negara pulau. Jadi kita sendiri patut ada water filtration jenis tu.

Andai kata Malaysia kuasai teknologi water filtration, bayangkan di pendalaman di mana akses air bersih susah dapat, orng di pendalaman dapat air bersih. Begitu juga penduduk pesisir pantai.

Jadi dalam kesempatan fenomena El Nino ni, elok penyelidik2 dapat kaji water filtration ni.

Supaya di masa depan, tidak terjadi krisis air di Malaysia.